In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a reproductive technology in which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside of the body, typically in a laboratory setting. This process involves harvesting a woman's eggs, fertilizing them with sperm from a partner or a donor, and then implanting the resulting embryos into the woman's uterus. IVF is used as a treatment for infertility and can help couples conceive a child when natural conception is not possible. It is also used in cases of genetic disorders, same-sex couples, and single individuals who wish to have children. IVF has provided hope for many couples struggling with infertility and has become a common and effective treatment option in the field of reproductive medicine.